Our goal is to surface risks and foster dialogue to avoid the emergence of an Internet of Insecure Industrial Things. Department of Commerces National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and several partners today are kicking off the year-long Global City Teams Challenge to help communities around the world work together to address issues ranging from air quality to traffic management to emergency services coordination. We argue the industrial IoT brings four security concerns to the fore, namely: appreciating the shift from offline to online infrastructure managing temporal dimensions of security addressing the implementation gap for best practice and engaging with infrastructural complexity. We use the case study of the emergent smart energy supply chain to frame, scope out and consolidate the breadth of security concerns at play, and the regulatory responses. Legal changes are being ushered by the European Union (EU) Network and Information Security (NIS) Directive 2016 and the General Data Protection Regulation 2016 (GDPR) (both to be enforced from May 2018). This paper unpacks where emerging security risks lie for the industrial internet of things, drawing on both technical and regulatory perspectives. Security incidents such as targeted distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on power grids and hacking of factory industrial control systems (ICS) are on the increase.
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